Hari mu kwezi kwa Myandagaro mu 1914 igihe amakuru y’intambara ya mbere y’isi yose yasamirana hirya no hino kwisi. Australia yategerezwa kwifatanya n’Ubwongereza kugira ngo bagwanyirize hamwe umwansi. Abo bansi babo bakaba abri Ubudagi, Hongrie, Bulgarie hamwe n’ibindi.
Mu basirikare 420 000 bari bashizwe k’urutonde, abarenga 1000 bari abasangwabutaka bo ngaha muri Australia mu kwitangira ico gikorwa. Haraje n’abandi benshi bavuye muyindi mihingo baje kwifatanya nabo.
Umuhinga muvy’ubushakashatsi Edmund Chiu akorera ikigo ndangakaranga y’abashinwa i Melbourne arasigura hirya y’atagekego yo 1903, Ballarat’s Albert Victor Chan niwe yabaye umunye Australiya wa mbere w’amamuko yom’Ubushinwa yafatanije n’abandi nyum a y’indwi imwe iyo ntambara ya mbere y’isi yose itanguye.
“Hariho itege rya gisirikare rikumira uwo wese atava k’umugabane w’Uburaye kw’injira mu gisirikare. Wategerezwa kuba ufise amamuko y’iburayi kugira ngo winjire mu girikare ico gihe. Rero uyo munye Australia w’amamuko yo m’Ubushinwa yifadikanije n’igisirikare mu kwirengagiza iyo ngingo, aracinjira”
Ubwo bushakashatsi bwiwe kuri kahise k’Abashinwa bifadikanije n’abanye Australiya muriyo ndwano burerekana yuko abantu bagera kuri 217 bifadikanije n’abandi muri urwo rugamba rw’intambara ya mbere y’isi yose. Avuga yuko ukwemererwa kw’abafise imico itandukanye vyavanye n’ivyo abaganga bemeza arico cabahaye uburenganzira bwo gukorera igihugu cabo.
“ Murico gihe ijambo ryanyuma ryari rifise muganga, ahejeje gusuzuma abifpfuza kwifatanya n’abandi k’urugamba, narakunze cane abaganga kuko barirengangije itegeko ryakumira abandi.”
Ubwoko nticari ikibazo ku banyagihugu bamwe bamwe. Harabayeho Imyidogo myinshi cane mu gihe uwitwa George Kong Meng yankiwe kwifatanya n’igisirikare hirya yuko yari yarigeze kuba umusirikare we na murumu nawe bakorera ivyo bikorwa vya gisirikare mu karere k’Uburengero.
“Ingingo yiyamirijwe cane n’abanyagihugu babaza bati, ni kuberiki mwankiye uyu mugabo kandi yari afise kahise mu gisirikare.”
Uwuserukira abahoze ku rugamba n’abasubijwe mu buzima busanzwe akaba anaserukira abasangwabutaka ku rwego rw’igihugu hamwe na Gundungura man Gary Oakley aravuga yuko benshi mu basangwabutaka bari bafise inyota yo kwifatanya n’abandi.
“Ayo mahirwe yar’ahari vyose vyavana n’ingene uvyitwayemo. Warashobora kugenda aho batakubaza vyinshi canke ukagenda ahandi biba ngombwa yuko ubesha kubijanye n’ubwoko bwawe”
Abafise urukoba rw’irabura nabo vyabaye ngombwa yuko barondera ingene baca inyuma iryo tegeko.
Gary aravuga yuko bamwe mu basangwabutaka bifadikanije n’abari k’urugamba kubw’imvo zitandukanye harimwo n’impamvu zo kuronka umushahara canke agahembo incuro ya mbere.
“Guhembwa hamwe n’umutima wo gukunda igihugu kandi birashoboka ko biyumvirako yuko inyuma y’intambara nibagaruka muri Australia yuko bazohabwa ubwenegihugu kuko nta bweneguhugu bari bafise. Rero kubwizo mpamvu twarabona yuko ari akaryo keza kubera ko twakoreye igihugu kandi ryari n’iteka ridasanzwe.”
Gary Oakleyaravuga yuko bwari ubwambere aho abasangwabutaka biyumvisemo ko atabusumbane canke ka mwana wa mama karimo.
“ Uri mu mwambaro wa gisirikare wariyumvira yuko uri mu murwi wa benshi bemewe, uri mu binogo k’urugamba ntiwaraba ivy’urukoba canke ukwemera. Kimwe gusa witwararika n’ukumenya yuko uwukuri hafi ashobora kugukingira rukamvye.”
Kwemerwa ni kimwe muco abahoze k’urugamba bagera mu bihumbi bafise amamuko yo m’Uburusiya bagwaniye cane hirya yuko bava k’umugabane w’uburayi nkuko bishikirizwa Dogiteri Elena Govor akaba ari n’umushakashatsi kuri kaminuza y’igihugu.
“ Benshi mur’abo bari bafise utuzina tw’udutazirano kubera batavuga icongereza ciza bigatuma abandi babafata nk’ingenzi hamwe no gushikirana n’abandi vyafashe igihe kitari gito, bari k’urugamba kugira ngo bemerwe n’abandi.”
Abafise amamuko yo m’Uburusiya nibo bari benshi mu bari k’urutonde rw’abari k’urugamba inyuma y’abongereza, abava muri Nouvelle Zelande, abanye Canada baje bava mu mihingo itandukanye yo mugihugu co mu Burusiya.
“ Nk’akarorero imiyabaga y’abayahudi barahunga cane mu Burusiya kuko barichwa ataco bazira kuberako batandukanye n’abandi. Benshi mubakiri bato mu Bayahudi barahunze mu Burusiya kuko ntibashaka kwifadikanya n’igisirikare c’Uburusiya kuko bari barumvise yuko uwugiye mu gisirkare wese yategerezwa guca mu mabi akomeye. Rero igihe urwo rwaruka rwaza muri Australia hama iyo ntambara ya mbere y’isi yose iratangura baciye biyandikisha mu gisirikare ca Australia bakorana n’abandi bany’Australia.”
Ibice birenga mirongo itanu kw’ijana vy’abavuye mu Burusiya bafasha mubijanye no kugendesha ubwato.
Intambara ya mbere y’isi yose niyo yatwaye uburyo bwinshi cane muri Australia, hononekara ibitari bike, n’abantu batari bake barahasiga ubuzima eka n’igihugu cinjira ideni ridasanzwe. Abarenga 60 000 barahasize ubuzima, hama 156 000 harimwo; abakomeretse, abaguye k’urugamba canke abafashwe mpiri bari k’urugamba.
Kuri benshi barokotse urwo rugamba, kugaruka muhira ntivyahinduye ubuzima bwabo kuba bwiza, ivyizigiro vy’abasangwabutaka kugira ngo baduze imibereho yabo muri rusangi vyagumye kuba indoto gushika 1949 aho havanwaho inzitizi zari zifatiye k’ubwoko mubari k’urutonde rw’abarwanye intambara ya mbere y’isi yose.
“Ibiteye isoni mur’ivyo vyose nuko benshi bagiye k’urugamba mu mahanga basiga amatongo yabo ariko bagarutse bagasanga ugasanga ibibanza vy’abasangwabutaka vyahinduwemo inkambi z’abasirikare, mbere ugasanga vyarononekaye kuburyo udashobora ku kibamo.”
Umwigisha Edmund Chiu yavuze yuko umushinwa w’umunye Australia Billy Sing azwi kubera yabaye intware k’urugamba, yarangije nabi cane hirya yo kuba yarahawe itongo mu mugambi wo gusubiza abahoze k’urugamba mu buzima busanzwe.
“Billy Sing azwi cane nk’intwari k’urugamba, yarahawe itongo ariko vy’ukuri ntaco ryashoboye k’umumarira kuko yahavuye arisubiza aca agenda gutangura ubuzima bushasha muri Brisbane akaba ari naho yitabiye Imana.”
Dogiteri Govor arasigura ingene bamwe mu basirikare bafise amamuko yo mu Burusiya vyabagoye gusubira kumenyera ubuzima busanzwe bw’inyuma y’intambara.
“ Muri rusangi biyumva nkaho ari bakavamahanga,ntibashobora kwisanga canke ngo bisanzure mu bandi. Mbere benshi murabo bariyahuye kuko bari bafise indwara zifatiye mu mutwe nubwo atanumwe yabisuzumye, ariko uravye inyifato yabo wasanga bari mu ngorane nyishi cane.”
Dogiteri Govor yahisemo kwiga ingendo y’abahoze k’urugamba ingene babayeho inyuma y’ubwo bwitange k’urugamba.
“ Ico ni kimwe muri kahise kacu k’abimukira, nuko utaza muri Australia ngo ushike ubaho nk’abandi bose, bisaba umwanya.”- Dr Elena Govor, ANU
Abarusiya benshi baronkejwe ubwenegihugu nabo bubakanye b’abenegihugu. Muganga Govor aravuga yuko igwirirana ry’amakominote atandukanye ryatanguranye nabo bahoze k’urugamba bivanye nuko bava mu bwoko, mu bihugu, bafise n’imico n’akaranga bitandukane.
“ Rimwe na rimwe abo bimukira bava mu Burusiya hirya y’akahise kabo vyabaye ngombwa yuko batanga isanamu y’Umurusiya ashobora kuba mwiza vy’ukuri, atari ngombwa ngo abe uwugendera k’uvyiyumviro n’ukwemera bikaze ariko yuko ashobora kubwa uwari we wese yaba wewe canke jewe. Rero kuvy’ukuri batanze ubutumwa bwiza cane kubanye Australia kandi berekana yuko abantu batandukanye bashobora kuba nkabanye Asutalia.
Anzac Day bishobora gusigura ibintu bitandukanye ku bantu batandukanye. Ariko Gary Oakley avuga yuko kubw’abasangwabutaka baja mu birori vyo guhimbaza umusi w’itariki 25 Ndamukiza ahanini ari ukurondera kwemerwa.
“ Ndasubiye kuronka ikibanza canke kwemerwa bivanye n’ibikorwa nakoreye igihugu canje kandi n’ukwemerwa na bose muri rusangi. Ndishimiye ico namariye igihugu, nishimiye abanyagihugu bacu, Nishimiye abatari abasangwabutanka turi kumwe muribi birori vyo guhimbaza uyu musi banyemera uko ndi kwose nari umirwanyi mwiza.”
