Prime Minister Scott Morrison has indicated Australia won't send troops to Ukraine in the event of an invasion by Russia but will provide practical assistance to allies.
US President Joe Biden believes and will do so within weeks or days.
Mr Morrison said an invasion is "regrettably inevitable", with intelligence showing Russian troops have not been withdrawn from the border.
"The pretence has been sought for an invasion," Mr Morrison told reporters in Darwin on Saturday.
"There is no pretence for an invasion into Ukraine. There is no justification for it. There is no provocation of it."
Mr Morrison said Australia would stand by its like-minded allies and would provide "support that is necessary".
"Australia has not been asked nor would we be providing support through troops or anything of that nature," he said.
"We work with our allies and partners in many other ways, and we will seek to do that with the practical things that we can do to assist those efforts.
"We have had such discussions with the UK prime minister and others about how we proceed along that basis."
Russia has released footage it claims shows a withdrawal of its troops from the border, but the US believes there has been a ramp-up to between 169,000 and 190,000 troops, from 100,000 at the end of January.
Late on Friday, Ukraine's military intelligence said Russian special forces had planted explosives at social infrastructure facilities in Donetsk, and urged residents to stay at home.
Mr Morrison described Russia's threats against Ukraine as uninvited, unprovoked and unacceptable.
"They cannot use the threat of war and invasion as a way of trying to leverage and negotiate other changes that they may be seeking," he said.
"This is not how free nations, democratic nations, nations in favour of peace, should behave. We have seen this before and we cannot allow it to stand.
"(We) will always be proud to stand with others like the United States and Japan and so many others around the world, the friends in Europe and United Kingdom who have been prepared to call this out."
Opposition leader Anthony Albanese said he called upon Russia to "back off".
"There is no place for the intimidation that we have seen from Russia," he told reporters on Saturday.
“We know, that the ravages of war have real consequences, and the ravages of a war in the Ukraine if Russia carries out a military intervention, will be devastating for the people of Ukraine.
“So I would say to Russia, it needs to respect Ukrainian sovereignty and it is to back off now.”
Trade Minister Dan Tehan earlier this week said Australia would enact strong economic sanctions against Russia should it invade.
Last weekend, the federal government temporarily suspended its operations at the Australian Embassy in Ukraine's capital Kyiv and evacuated diplomatic staff.
