A defiant President Dilma Rousseff is warning Brazilians her conservative opponents are trampling on democracy by using trumped-up charges to oust her and roll back the social advances of the past 13 years.
The leftist leader, appearing before the Senate in a trial expected to remove her from office this week, said on Monday Brazil's economic elite had sought to destabilise her government since her narrow re-election to a second four-year term in 2014.
Rousseff calmly denied charges of breaking budgetary rules and said the impeachment process that has paralysed Brazilian politics for nine months was a plot to protect the interests of the privileged classes in Latin America's largest economy.
A future conservative government would slash spending on social programs that helped lift 30 million people out of poverty in the past decade and sell off state assets, including Brazil's massive offshore oil reserves, Rousseff warned.
"We are one step away from a real coup d'etat," the former leftist guerrilla said. "I did not commit the crimes that I am arbitrarily and unjustly accused of."
The 68-year-old Rousseff, an engineer who served as head of the state oil company Petrobras, was hand picked by the founder of the Workers Party, ex-President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, to succeed him when he stepped aside in 2012, despite her lack of political experience.
After riding the commodities boom in her first term, Rousseff saw her popularity dwindle to single figures this year amid a deep recession that many Brazilians blame on her government's interventionist policies and a huge corruption scandal involving Petrobras under the Workers Party government.
Brazil's first female president told senators that history would judge them and recalled her trial under the military dictatorship, which ruled from 1964-1985, when officers hid their faces to not be recognised in photographs.
She began to choke back tears recalling how she faced death when she was tortured day after day in detention in 1970.
"Today I only fear the death of democracy," she said.
If the Senate convicts Rousseff on Tuesday or Wednesday, as expected, her vice president Michel Temer will be sworn in to serve the rest of her term through 2018.
Her appeal to the Senate is unlikely to alter the outcome.
Temer, 75, has been interim president since mid-May, after Congress decided it would continue the impeachment process that began in the lower house.
Twenty of her former Cabinet ministers were in the Senate gallery to support Rousseff, including Lula himself.
Rousseff said she never pocketed public money, and yet her impeachment was led by the former lower house speaker, Eduardo Cunha, who is facing charges of corruption, including taking bribes and having millions of dollars in Swiss bank accounts.
