A former security chief who oversaw the action against Hong Kong's democracy movement has been named the business hub's new leader by a small committee of Beijing loyalists.
John Lee, 64, was the only candidate in a Beijing-backed one-horse race to succeed outgoing leader Carrie Lam.
His elevation places a security official in the top job for the first time after a tumultuous few years for a city battered by political unrest and debilitating pandemic controls.
Despite the city's mini-constitution promising universal suffrage, Hong Kong has never been a democracy, the source of years of public frustration and protests since the 1997 handover to China.
Its leader is instead chosen by an "election committee" currently comprised of 1,461 people - roughly 0.02 per cent of the city's population.
After a brief secret ballot on Sunday, 1,416 members voted for Mr Lee while eight voted against according to officials. The rest did not cast ballots.
Former Hong Kong chief secretary John Lee, 64, was the only candidate in a Beijing-backed one-horse race to succeed outgoing leader Carrie Lam. Source: AAP / JEROME FAVRE/EPA
Heavy police presence
Protests have been largely outlawed in Hong Kong, with authorities using an anti-coronavirus ban on public gatherings of more than four people as well as a new national security law.
Police ringed the exhibition centre with security, and 6,000 to 7,000 officers had been placed on standby, according to local media.
The League of Social Democrats - one of the only remaining pro-democracy groups - held a three-person protest before polls opened, chanting "Power to the people, universal suffrage now".
"This is what John Lee's new chapter looks like, a shrinking of our civil liberties," said protester Vanessa Chan as dozens of police officers looked on.
"We know this action will have no effect, but we don't want Hong Kong to be completely silent," she added.
Under President Xi Jinping, China is remoulding Hong Kong in its own authoritarian image after huge and sometimes violent democracy protests three years ago.
Beijing deployed a sweeping security law to stamp out dissent and rolled out a new "patriots only" political system for Hong Kong to guarantee anyone standing for office is considered suitably loyal.
A troubled city
While the democracy movement has been crushed, much of the population still resents Beijing's rule and chafes at the city's entrenched inequality.
Hong Kong also faces economic difficulties thanks to two years of strict pandemic curbs that have damaged its business hub reputation and left residents cut off as rivals re-open.
Under the slogan "Starting a new chapter for Hong Kong together", Mr Lee has vowed to bring in "result-oriented" governance, forge unity and reboot the city's economy.
A 44-page manifesto he released last week stuck to broad goals and offered few concrete policies or targets.
Mr Lee said he will unveil more details when he makes his first policy address.
Hong Kong's chief executives find themselves caught between the democratic aspirations of the city's residents and the authoritarian demands of Beijing's leaders.
Outgoing leader Carrie Lam is on track to leave office with record-low approval ratings.
According to a survey in March by the Public Opinion Research Institute, about 24 per cent of the public has confidence in Mr Lee, compared with 12 per cent for Ms Lam.
Waiting in a line outside a restaurant on Sunday, 25-year-old resident Alex Tam said he and his friends were paying little attention to proceedings.
"It's just an empty gesture," he told AFP. "If he didn't listen to the protesters, I don't see how he would listen to young people now, especially those who criticise the government."
Retired businessman Yeung Wing-Shun was more positive saying he hoped Mr Lee will guide Hong Kong with a "firm hand", adding that he believed the new leader could bring different sectors together.
Mr Lee will take office on July 1, the 25th anniversary of Hong Kong's handover to China from Britain.
China agreed that Hong Kong could maintain certain freedoms and autonomy for 50 years after retaking control from Britain under a "One Country, Two Systems" formula.
Beijing and Lee say that formula is still intact.
Critics, including many Western powers, say it has been shredded.
Mr Lee is one of 11 senior Hong Kong and Beijing officials sanctioned by the United States because of the political situation.
