Israel is eyeing the end of an era after a motley alliance of parties from across the political spectrum agreed to form a government to unseat veteran Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
Opposition leader Yair Lapid announced the deal just minutes before a midnight Wednesday deadline, prompting celebrations into the early hours by the premier's opponents and a defiant show of support by his fans.
On paper, the prospective coalition commands a slender majority in parliament but a confidence vote is not expected for several days, giving Mr Netanyahu time to woo potential defectors among the unlikely bedfellows ranged against him.
With the threat of possible jail time hanging over him in his ongoing trial on corruption charges, the 71-year-old is unlikely to allow his record 12 straight years to end without a messy fight, analysts warned.
On Thursday, the master political operator was already on Twitter, seeking to play on any last-minute misgivings among right-wing lawmakers about allying with the left against him.
"All lawmakers who were elected with votes from the right must oppose this dangerous left-wing government," he said.
On Twitter, Mr Netanyahu's Likud party called on former right-wing allies to "immediately withdraw" their signatures.
The new coalition would see the religious nationalist Naftali Bennett serve as prime minister for two years before Mr Lapid, a secular centrist, would take the helm.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is unlikely to let his record 12 straight years end without a fight. Source: Getty Images Europe
Should last-minute defections scupper the "change" alliance, Israel would likely have to hold yet another election, the fifth in just over two years.
"Opening the champagne right now is a bit hasty," said Tamar Hermann, a political scientist at the Israel Democracy Institute.
'I succeeded'
Mr Lapid, 57, a former TV presenter who heads the centrist Yesh Atid party, put his own prime ministerial ambitions on hold to broker the coalition deal.
"I succeeded," he proclaimed, less an hour before the deadline.
"I promise that this government will work in the service of all of the citizens of Israel, those who voted for it and those who did not," he wrote on Facebook.
The announcement capped four frenzied weeks of negotiations since President Reuven Rivlin tasked Mr Lapid with trying to form a government after Mr Netanyahu failed.
Mr Bennett, 49, an estranged former protege of Mr Netanyahu, was the lynchpin of the deal to unseat him.
On Sunday, Mr Bennett, head of the hard-right Yamina bloc, announced he would join Mr Lapid to end the "madness".
"Four elections ... have already proven to all of us that there is simply no right-wing government headed by Netanyahu. It is either a fifth election or a unity government," Mr Bennett said.
On the right, the new coalition includes the hawkish New Hope party of Mr Netanyahu's former ally Gideon Saar, and secular nationalist Avigdor Lieberman's Yisrael Beiteinu party.
Also part of the alliance are the Israeli Labour party, the dovish Meretz party, and the centrist Blue and White party of Defence Minister Benny Gantz.
For the first time in Israeli's history, the embryonic coalition also includes an Arab Israeli party, the Islamic conservative party Raam.
It released pictures of its leader Mansour Abbas signing a coalition agreement alongside Mr Bennett, a staunch support of the Jewish settler movement.
Speaking on army radio Thursday, Mr Abbas said: "We obtained the legitimacy to influence the Israeli political system and not just to be present there in the Knesset."
Raam previously ran as part of the Arab-led Joint List but broke away over differences with its communist and Arab nationalist members. Joint List lawmaker Aida Touma-Sliman said she would oppose the new deal because "getting rid of Netanyahu and keeping his path is a political mistake".
Emulate Donald Trump?
Allies of Mr Netanyahu lashed out at the coalition.
Far-right lawmaker Bezalel Smotrich, head of the Religious Zionism party, attacked the coalition's dependence on the votes of Arab lawmakers and accused Mr Bennett of cooperating with "a terrorism supporter who identifies with Israel's enemies".
Yamina member Matan Kahana hit back, telling public radio: "I'm convinced this government will be even more right-wing than the government of Netanyahu."
But Mr Netanyahu's son Yair called Mr Bennett "filth" in a tweet.
The Shin Bet domestic security service said it would provide protection for the coalition's designated prime minister, an unusual move.
On Thursday, the coalition took steps to speed up a confidence vote by requesting the replacement of the speaker of parliament, a Netanyahu ally.
Netanyahu biographer Ben Caspit predicted the incumbent would fight the new government tooth and nail, doing everything he could to block its formation and then battling it from the opposition benches if necessary.
Mr Caspit said Mr Netanyahu could try to emulate his ally, former US president Donald Trump, who gave an incendiary address to supporters before they launched a deadly raid on the US Capitol.
"He is trying to burn it all," Mr Caspit said of Mr Netanyahu. "He still thinks he will succeed against all odds."
