Sudan Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok has announced his resignation after an anti-coup protest ended with two deaths at the hands of security forces.
In a televised speech, Mr Hamdok said a roundtable discussion was needed to come to a new agreement for Sudan's political transition to democracy.
Sudanese security forces killed two protesters, medics said, as thousands braved tear gas, a heavy troop deployment and a telecommunications blackout to demand a civilian government.
Demonstrators lambasted an October 25 coup by military leader General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, shouting "power to the people" and demanding the military return to barracks, at protests near the presidential palace in the capital Khartoum and in its twin city Omdurman.
People chant slogans during a protest to denounce the October military coup in Khartoum, Sudan. Source: AAP
As with previous demonstrations, which have become regular since the coup, the authorities erected roadblocks, with shipping containers blocking Nile River bridges between the capital and outlying areas.
But thousands still came out to demonstrate "in memory of the martyrs", with at least 56 protesters killed since the coup, according to medics.
In the latest deaths, the pro-democracy Doctors' Committee said one protester was shot in the chest and a second suffered a "severe head wound" at the hands of security forces in Omdurman on Sunday.
Young men on motorcycles were seen ferrying wounded protesters to hospitals as security forces blocked ambulances from reaching them.
Web monitoring group NetBlocks said mobile internet services were cut from mid-morning ahead of the planned protests, the first of the year. They were restored in the evening.
Activists use the internet for organising demonstrations and broadcasting live footage of the rallies.
'No to military rule'
Sudan, with a long history of military coups, had been undergoing a fragile journey toward civilian rule since the 2019 ouster of autocrat Omar al-Bashir following mass protests.
But the country has been plunged into turmoil since Burhan - Sudan's de facto leader following the ouster of Bashir - launched his coup and detained Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok.
Mr Hamdok was reinstated on November 21, but mass protests have continued as demonstrators distrust veteran general Burhan and his promise to guide the country toward full democracy.
Activists have kept up a more than two-month-long campaign of street demonstrations against the army's takeover.
The rallies have been repeatedly broken up by security forces firing rounds of tear gas, as well as charges by police wielding batons.
On Thursday, six people were shot dead in Khartoum when security forces cracked down on mass rallies that saw tens of thousands take to the streets chanting "no to military rule".
'Year of resistance'
Burhan insists the military's move "was not a coup" but a push to "rectify the course of the transition".
On Friday an adviser warned that "the demonstrations are only a waste of energy and time" which will not produce "any political solution".
Activists on social media say 2022 will be "the year of the continuation of the resistance".
They demand justice for those killed since the coup as well as the more than 250 who died during months of mass protests that paved the way for the toppling of Bashir.
Activists have condemned sexual attacks during December 19 protests, in which the UN said at least 13 women and girls were victims of rape or gang-rape.
Sudan security forces fire tear gas to disperse anti-coup protesters during a demonstration in Khartoum on 30 November 2021. Source: AAP
The European Union and the United States issued a joint statement condemning the use of sexual violence "as a weapon to drive women away from demonstrations and silence their voices".
On Saturday, US Secretary of State Antony Blinken warned in a statement that Washington was "prepared to respond to those who seek to block the aspirations of the Sudanese people for a civilian-led, democratic government and who would stand in the way of accountability, justice, and peace".
Over 14 million people, one in three Sudanese, will need humanitarian aid during the coming year, according to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - the highest level for a decade.
Additional reporting: Reuters
