A coalition of legal, medical and human rights groups have written to Attorney-General Michaelia Cash in a renewed push to raise the age of criminal responsibility to 14.
In Australia, children as young as 10 can be arrested by police, remanded in custody, convicted by the courts and jailed.
Some 499 children aged between 10 and 13 were detained in the youth justice system in 2019/20, with more than two-thirds identifying as Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Federal, state and territory attorneys-general met on July 27, 2020, to discuss raising the age of criminal responsibility to 14, which would bring the nation in line with international standards.
But they deferred a decision by at least one year to allow a working group, led by the WA justice department, to examine alternatives to imprisonment for youth offenders.
The group of 47 organisations from the Raise the Age coalition, including the Human Rights Law Centre, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Australian College of General Practitioners and multiple Indigenous legal centres, have written to Senator Cash seeking an update on the working group's progress.
The coalition said in the past 12 months there had been "no public update on the progress of this work".
To date, the ACT is the only jurisdiction to have committed to raising the age.
Meena Singh, the legal director of the Human Rights Law Centre, said the age of criminal responsibility in Australia was out of step with both international human rights law and international standards.
"The evidence is crystal clear - jailing children under 14 does not make the community any safer, while it greatly increases the risk of that child going on to have contact with the adult legal system in the future," the Yorta Yorta woman said.
Narungga woman Cheryl Axleby, the co-chair of Change the Record, said every day that attorneys-general refused to act, "they are condemning a generation of our children to a lifetime behind bars".
"Ten-year-old children who get trapped in the criminal justice system don't come out," she said.
"One year ago, every state and territory was given the chance to unite to close the gap and change the cruel laws that lock children as young as 10 years old away behind bars.
"They failed to take action then, we are calling on them to take action now."
